Utilização de glicerofosfolipídios sintéticos análogos do PAF como agentes anti-incrustantes na composição de tintas marítimas: proposta, síntese, caracterização química e avaliação de performance

Abstract

This work presents, as an innovative proposition, the use of the specific subclass of glycerophospholipid, synthesized from commercial soybean lecithin, as biocide antifouling agent. To support this proposal the main objectives of the work were to characterize chemically the synthetics glycerophospholipid and evaluate their antifouling performance using it as biocides agents. The synthesis used, an alkylating and a methanolysis, produced a mixture of different glycerophospholipid, which were characterized using techniques of sequential mass spectrometry with iontrap analyzer, where the production of glycerophospholipids of interest were confirmed. In evaluating the antifouling performance, the synthesized glycerophospholipids along with natural glycerophospholipids, were tested against the settlement of micro and macro marine organisms using laboratory essay and field tests. In the laboratories essays, compared to the action reached by copper sulfate (CuSO 4 ) (control), the synthesis products showed a significant reduction of bacteria growth processes (80% inhibition of the CuSO 4 inhibition, using concentrations of 100 μg/L), and marine microalgae (up to 63% over of the CuSO 4 inhibition, using concentrations of 300 μg/L). The field tests, compared to the action of the commercial and in research antifouling paint, showed that synthesis products, replacing the organo-metallic biocides (booster), have a better efficiency in the reduction of fouling organisms and showed a very good activity with a significant reduction of macro-fouling organisms coverage when compared to negative controls (without biocide). The results showed that use of these special glycerophospholipids can become a great biocide option - natural appeal, raw material with low-cost and metals free- in the preparation of antifouling paints for naval use.