As estratégias de segurança nacional dos Estados Unidos da América, Rússia e China: uma comparação dos documentos publicados no alvorecer do século XXI

Abstract

The writing of the presented work objectified to compare three documents become public in the dawn of century XXI and that they had been considered emblematic in what says respect to the strategies of referring national security to the United States of America (U.S.A.), Russia and China. The development of the research of the pertinent subjects to the strategies was based on some originated concepts of diverse areas of the knowledge, but that one that was the main one, that one that propitiated its development in consistent and innovative way says respect to Comparative History and the comparative method. It was possible to observe, however, that the use of the related method and this kind of History by itself was not enough. To the necessary theoretical base for the achievement of the study it was necessary, by the analysis universe, to add plus a concept: of the History of the Present Time. It was objectified, after one brief introduction, to display and to show some concepts that said respect to the strategy, the security and the new threats and its perceptions, and that, of some form, they were related to the content of analyzed documents. At the end of this part, was looked to describe what North Americans, Russians and Chineses had told in its texts. In this description it was possible to realized the main motivations of its confections that was not transcribed in any point of documents. It was necessary, before the accomplishment of the comparison among what each text contains, displaying some geopolitical aspects related to the countries analyzed that propitiated one better knowledge of the perceptions of threats to the security that U.S.A., Russia and China have. The exhibition of the subjects throughout all the work holds an idea that is recurrent, of that strategy, the security and the new threats and its perceptions are dynamic concepts, having a constant evolution and changing in its meanings. As it will be possible to verify, they have in century XXI a much more ample agreement. This includes the fact of the strategy not to restrict exclusively to the military universe, configuring in something of state domain and the security even though to be able to be thought about individual terms, and still, the threats to become to be realized of different form, assuming innovative and even though surprising conformations.