Gerenciamento de água de lastro e sedimentos de navios

Abstract

It is common knowledge that the ships are key to global trade. However, to maintain safe navigation in their operations, the ship depends mostly ballast water. The conditions that allow transport not only water to be transported by ship ballast, but a multitude of organisms that survive within the reservoirs and are moved between the Northern and Southern Hemispheres. It was found that the ballast water and sediments are an accurate and disturbing transfer of microorganisms from one hemisphere to the other. According to the International Maritime Organization (IMO) estimates that the ships carry about 12 billion tons of ballast water annually. Unfortunately this entails environmental, economic and human life, that because the funding operations and water discharge increasingly exotic aquatic organisms are dumped in different ecological niches in the northern hemisphere and the southern hemisphere, exacerbating the environmental imbalance. This monograph aims to present the consequences of the use of ballast water and sediments as undesirable bioinvasion. Talks over the national and international legislation, with for example, the Convention on ballast water management and sediment of ships and the Standard Maritime Authority (NORMAN 20) applied to the control of ballast water and sedimentos.Se discusses the control methods of ballast water and case studies about bioinvasion, will also be addressed in this work.