Navegação na Antártica: principais problemas e equipamentos utilizados

Abstract

According to the economical and territorial needs various forms of maritime transportation were created and improved, however, with the on set of polar navigation, new obstacles were introduced to the maritime techniques. By studying navigation in Antarctica, it is necessary to analyze each nautical equipment, be aware of equipment that will not work at high latitudes and to know which equipment will be used in this type of navigation. It will alsobe appointed meteorological and astrological effects that exist at the poles, nonexistent or indifferent for navigationin low-latitude regions. Analyze the methods of navigation, dead reckoning, coastal navigation and, also, all precautions necessary to make a safe journey to the Antarctic Polar Circle, including the necessary information on the types of ice found there, their formation, their drifting direction and characteristics. Acknowledges with this research the need to know and master the techniques of polar navigation, and understanding the differences occurring in this region.