Navegação nas regiões polares: a rota do mar do norte

Abstract

Although polar navigation is not such a common and approached a subject as other types of navigations currently explored, it is an important activity that requires a lot of precision to beheld in places where different climates and features are very unusual. By late 40s, the Arctic remained largely unexplored and unmapped, it represented a major challenge for scientists and explorers from various countries. It was only between the years of1957 and 1965 that many countries helped in the study and mapping of the region, so, by this time, the Arctic Sea became to have great value due to its potency on travel routes. This paper aims to broaden the reader's knowledge about the Northern Sea Route, the main sea route in the Arctic, and expose aspects related to their future taking into account the influences of an anthropogenic global warming. In this work it is going to be exposed the peculiarities and challenges of navigation in the Polar Regions, starting from the general and geographic definition of the south and North Polar Regionof the Earth, and also, it is presented the restrictions on the use of equipment for navigation and weather effects that influence navigation in such regions.Throughout the study presented, it was possible to concludethat there are two aspects regarding the future of the polar caps, where one defends the occurrence of anthropogenic global warming, while another defends the influence of the lunar cycle.