O processo decisório das ações aéreas em um assalto anfíbio: uma reflexão crítica à luz da doutrina de operações conjuntas

Abstract

The Amphibious operations are considered highly complex operations, due to the d iversity of naval, air - naval and Marine Corps resources and may require the support of other mil i tary services to maximize combat power. The Amphibious Assault is the most complete form of Amphibious Operation . For the execution of an Amphibious Assault ai r actions may be i m- plemented in support of the Amphibious Task Force or the Amphibious Landing Force using mainly air assets of the Joint Force Air Component Command, actions that require a high d e- gree of Command and Control (C 2 ), an aspect that will allow the decision maker to acquire and maintain the necessary level of situational awareness for making appropriate d e cisions . The aim of this study was to identify factors that may interfere in the decision making process of the air actions on a Amphibious As sault and also to identify aspects that can be improved in the doctrine of Joint Operations . From a solid theoretical framework, followed by focused interviews and analysis of the doctrines related to the object of this research , we tried to achieve the es tablished objectives and answer the research question. Thus, starting from the analysis of isolated parts into a coherent whole, we ide n tified several factors affecting the decision - making process, namely: situational awareness ; communication s ; the use of sophist i- cated surveillance , reconnaissance , acquisition and target designation systems ; doctrine; command and control systems ; interoperability; the human element; capacity building and training; time and uncertainty; intelligence activity; coordination; a nd the joint planning . In addition, suggestions for improvements were listed in the following doctrines: Manual de Operações Ar - Superfície (FA - M - 19); Manual de Operações Anfíbias (FA - M - 21); and , Apoio de Fogo em Operações Conjuntas (MD 33 - M - 11).