Emprego da Marinha do Brasil em catástrofes naturais em apoio à política externa brasileira

Abstract

The world is undergoing great changes, where the new world order carries a scenarioa of new threats. Among these threats, due to increased frequency of occurrence and intensity of its effects, the natural disaster presents itself most likely to materialize. Human suffering as a result of this threat drives countries and international organizations to seek coordination and cooperation, in order to achieve synergy in the activities developed during a humanitarian aid. In this situation Brazil in its foreign policy aspires to be a global player, representing the interests of countries in its strategic environment, especially in the region of South America. Therefore in order to support the Brazilian foreign policy, Brazil must have armed forces with physical capacity to operate in geographic space delimited by the strategic environment, in particular conducting humanitarian operations (OpHum). In this context, this monograph is structured in six chapters, which made the first chapter is a brief introduction on the use of the Brazilian Navy (MB) in natural disasters in support of the Brazilian foreign policy. In the second chapter there is an approach where we seek to interpret the Brazilian foreign policy, and then to set the Brazilian strategic contours of interest for the defense. The third chapter is a definition of humanitarian assistance and how international organizations, United Nations (UN), Organization of American States (OAS) and the Union of South American States (UNASUR), seek to coordinate the actions of its member states. When it was emphasized the importance of participation of the armed forces because of its ability to command and control, logistical support and rapid response. In the fourth chapter is made a presentation of the experiences by countries to carry out OpHum, highlighting the main means used in carrying out these operations. In the fifth chapter is exposed Brazil's participation in the international community seeking to address the actions developed and existing legislation in order to enable the use of Brazilian armed forces in a OpHum. In particular, there is an approach to the Brazilian Navy where there are analyzes over the current situation and the future perspectives concerning its employment in OpHum, as well as the need to verify the need to develop a specific doctrine for actions to be undertaken in this type of operation. Upon completing this work the author does not intend to exhaust the debate on the issue, but believes that the suggestions may somehow contribute to the improvement of the use of Brazilian Navy in OpHum.