Fluxos migratórios gerados por conflitos armados: Um panorama Europeu e reflexões para a política externa do Brasil

Abstract

This work , based on searching and investigation by b i b l iographic survey , has the purpose of studying the main migratory movements caused by armed conflicts since the end of the Cold War till present days and that had the final target the European continent States, as well as the social, political (internal and external), economic and security im pacts on these States . From the lessons learned institutionally by the European Union and t he case study about Italy, it is verified the preparation stage of Brazil, taking into account the recent im migratory movements and the approval of the new Immigrati on Law. Appropriate suggestions are formulated for the development of the subject in Brazil . The conflicts recrudescence in the Middle East and Africa increased this immigratory pressure, with more acute effects on the peripheral States of the European Uni on, institution with difficulties on the reconnaissance of the phenomen on , as well as on the aid to its Member States. In parallel, the 20 08 world economic crisis affected the European States, causing recession and the need of adoption of financial austerity strategies. The European Union delay in recognizing the migratory crisis and rapprochement to the Member States for pragmatic measures adoption, questioned the relevance of the institution, symbolized by the United Kingdom exit. The Mem ber States, almost lonely, like Italy, searched for the development of their migratory policies. What seems to be efficacy to mitigate the impacts and even make positive the migratory movement is the trinomial : Borders control, I ntegration and A greements w ith the immigrant’s original States. So, by borders controlling and regulating the migratory flux at the immigrant’s origin , hosting workers in active economic range, socially integrated and to the labor market, Europe can minimize the population aging and by this allow social security benefits, in the medium and long terms. Brazil witnesses immigration of nationals from Colombia and Venezuela, without taking into account the Syrians arrival , due to civil and/or armed conflicts. The new Immigration Law, a d evelopment, shall be part of the Immigration Policy. Brazilian Amazon with its vast territory of low demography is destiny of neighbo u r people ́s immigration, thus i t is necessary for Brazil to adopt a consistent Immigration Policy, in order to deal with the phenomen on , whose effects on the Amazonian states are already re al . The trinomial Borders c ontrol - Integration - Agreements with States at t he origin of the immigration is applicable to Brazil and, like in Europe, can contribute to one of the great late discussions: the Brazilian population aging and the future of the social benefits . The Armed Forces have been collaborating remarkably , including Brazilian Navy, amidst grave budgetar y re strictions, on the borders controlling , social and internal security actions, to mitigate the effects of an uncontrolled immigration.