O impacto das condições e da organização do trabalho em espaço confinado: um olhar sobre os submarinos brasileiros

Abstract

Submarines are considered to be one of the most powerful weapons in the contemporary world because of their ability to operate invisibly and quietly. The country that has an impressive submarine fleet demonstrates the existence of a strong and structured Naval Power. However, behind all the technology that compose it are the people, they are the ones that operate and ensure the whole operation of the systems. The activities developed there are extremely complex and thereforeeach crew member has a relevant role to play. In this way, the following question is formulated as a problem: To what extent do stressors due to the conditions and organization of work on submarines cause psychic suffering on the crew, despite the compensation exerted by the "military ethos"? Understanding the military ethos as a concept that encompasses discipline, dedication, team spirit and from which it appears that there is a greater capacity for resilience. In the face of the above, the present work sought to identify and analyze the conditions and the organization of work in a confined environment, aiming to make a reading of the impact of these on the behavior of the subjects. To achieve this objective, the Escala de Avaliação do Contexto de Trabalho EACT) was used, which is composed of the factors of work organization, working conditions and socio-occupational relations and the Escala de Avaliação dos Danos Relacionados ao Trabalho (EADRT) ofITRA -–Inventário sobre Trabalho e Riscos de Adoecimento, in addition to semi-structured interviews. The result was the perception that due to the characteristics present in the military ethos, the professional submarinertends to present an accurate spirit of cooperation, a great capacity for self-denial that enables them to overcome challenges through continuous preparation and training. Besides that suffering manifests itself in diffuse physical pains. However, there was a low perception of the existence of stressors at the time of the research. From where one can conclude the presence of coping strategies that align with the military ethos allows a better way to deal with stressors. The analysis of the results also seems to show that the selection process that is carried out at the moment is adequate to the needs of the profession.