Narcotráfico e soberania: O papel da Marinha do Brasil na prevenção e no combate ao tráfico de drogas na tríplice fronteira Brasil – Colômbia – Peru, após a sanção da Lei Complementar n.º 136/2010

Abstract

Over the last few years, we are witnessing daily news reports about the rise in violence across the country, directly related to drug trafficking. With the increase in drug use around the world, criminal organizations are becoming increasingly powerful, shifting financial resources as true multinational corporations, using increasingly advanced technologies and, consequently, occupying the place of the state in needy and abandoned regions, where the absence of public power opens the door for other actors to use the vacuum of power. This is a serious threat to sovereignty, which does not admit of division the role of the state. The Amazon region, because it is bordered by Colombia and Peru, notorious cocaine and marijuana producing countries, and has a demographic void, as well as thousands of kilometers of forests, waterways and border lines, is the main gateway to drugs and the root of evil throughout the country. It is largely the focus of the problem. Legislation is clear on the role of each actor in preventing and repressing drug trafficking. Programs and systems for surveillance, control and development of this region, as well as joint and interagency operations, national and with the participation of friendly nations, exist to protect and integrate the Amazon. However, the unpredictability in the direction of budgetary resources, oscillating with the taste of crises and priorities from government to government, has a direct impact on the State's performance. This work proposes to analyze the impact of cross border drug trafficking on national sovereignty, focusing, in particular, on one of the most critical points in our territory, the triple frontier Brazil - Colombia - Peru, considered as one of the main origins of drugs, which are transported from there, to the whole country and abroad, through the so-called “Solimões Route”. Faced with this problem, the analysis of the role of the security forces, especially the Brazilian Navy, in the prevention and combat of these illicit acts is also carried out. In order to achieve this purpose, questionnaires were sent to the actors of the 9th Naval District Command, directly involved in this action, in addition to the bibliographic research that founded the study. In this sense, the work allowed the conclusion that the growth of criminal organizations related to drug trafficking is impacting Brazilian domestic sovereignty and that there is a need for a State project, which is not subject to the storms and varied priorities of each government, and allows a predictable and constant budget flow so that the programs and the security forces, together, fulfill their respective roles, in order to achieve the purpose of maintaining the integrity and sovereignty of Brazil