Determinação de um índice de ressurgência para região de Arraial do Cabo: caracterização climatológica, previsibilidade e aplicação biotecnológica

Abstract

Coastal upwelling is the phenomenon characterized by the transport to surface of colder and deeper waters near the coast. This upwelling water is rich in nutrients and responsible for the biologically rich and productive ecosystems of coastal streams. The aim of the present work was to develop upwelling index for Arraial do Cabo region that could be used as a tool in Bio-Oceanographic studies. Then, the Ekman transport was calculated with meteo-oceanographic buoy data and wind data extracted from ERAInterim reanalysis. Analyzing the meteo-oceanographic buoy data series, recurring phenomena were observed, described in five cases that relate the intensity and the direction of the upwelling index to the sea temperature. The study of these cases showed that the more negative the meridional component of the index, the greater the likelihood of the outcrop or SACW depth decreasing. From the reanalysis data Upwelling Index (UI) climatology was elaborated. The results showed that UI anomalies greater than 2 * 2*103m3 /s*km (volume per coast section per seconds) may indicate TSM anomalies. Using wind data from weather forecast atmospheric models generates a predicted index. The UI forecast can be used in planning of field work or foreseeing the best periods for fishing activities, showing that the UI is perfectly applicable to the study region, but the direction, intensity and seasonality should be observed for better use.