A Política de formação de pessoal na Marinha do Brasil á luz do planejamento baseado em capacidades: histórico, situação e perspectivas

Abstract

Capabilities-Based Planning is a strategic planning methodology that breaks the paradigm of full knowledge of opposing forces. It was developed to structure the defense of a country in terms of obtaining the necessary capabilities to do so. Its first developments took place in the 1960s, including the rationalization of financial resources for investments in this area. Today the method is used in countries such as the United States, Chile, Argentina, Australia, New Zealand and the United Kingdom. In Chile it was adopted based on the process used by the North Atlantic Treaty Organization. In its development it considers, in the analysis of the listed capacities, the intervening factors of Material, Training, Human Resources, Organization, Doctrine, Infrastructure, Sustainability and Information. The United States of America, in its methodology, apply for such analysis the factors Doctrine, Organization, Training, Material, Leadership and Education, Personnel, Facilities and Policies. Doctrine, Organization, Personnel, Education, Material, Training and Infrastructure will be adopted in Brazil. Such analysis seeks to identify gaps in the required capacity, motivated by these factors, so that the planning includes actions to mitigate, reduce or eliminate the observed deficiencies. This, in the rapidly developing field of technology, impacts mainly on obtaining human resources, whose training is increasingly required. In this regard, Chile seeks to maintain a well-defined Defense Education Policy, aimed at dividing the tasks of this activity. Already in the United States of America, more specifically in its Navy, measures are taken for career enhancement, the planning of staffing activity, with the creation of bodies that centralize the effort to plan and execute their training policies. In Brazil, in the Ministry of Defense, there is the creation of a specific sector to develop Capabilities-Based Planning, also considering the existing National Mobilization structure, which in the Brazilian Navy is represented by the Maritime Mobilization System. In this system, for the management of the Human Resources subsystem is the Directorate General of Military Personnel and the General Command of the Marine Corps as Leading Sectoral Governing Bodies of this subsystem. Through the Navy Strategic Plan, they develop policies and actions to improve Personnel Management, along with their subordinate Specialized Organs, such as the Navy Military Personnel Directorate, the Marine Personnel Command, the Doctrinal Development Command of the Brazilian Marines Corps and the Navy Teaching Board. In adopting Capabilities-Based Planning, adjustments are needed to equalize the actions that are already underway with planning at the strategic level, so that this methodology can serve as an inducer of improvements in obtaining the Human Resources needed for a modern and efficient naval force