Tecnologia em conflitos armados: uso de drones em operações militares e suas repercussões no ordenamento jurídico

Abstract

The main objective of this work is to build a contextual and theoretical-argumentative analysis that allows the development of an understanding about the main legal repercussions of the use of drones in military operations. With the advent of technological developments applied to armed conflicts, it is necessary to establish, first, a debate about the legal implications arising from the use of drones in reconnaissance missions and air attacks. To this end, an attempt will be made to develop a discussion about the necessity of standardizing the use of drones in military efforts, in order to ensure compliance with the principles governing International Armed Conflict Law (TIP). In addition, in view of the high destructive potential provided by the use of drones in military activities, this work will also identify the possible risk to the physical integrity of persons with international humanitarian law (IHL), with the objective of making the use of drones in armed conflicts, without the total sacrifice of assured human rights. In this sense, this work will contribute to the emerging debate about the use of drones in a modern combat environment, identifying its main functionalities, characteristics, advantages and possible disadvantages in relation to manned aircraft, and, at the same time, it will relate the use of this system of weapons with the foreign policy of countries that, notably, already use it, such as the United States of America. Along this line, it will also be possible to draw an overview of the current situation of the development and use of this technology at the national level, especially when used in embedded operations, in order to analyze the imperatives that are necessary for the full technological adaptation to the legal parameters in force.