Identificação e avaliação da atividade biocida de éteres lipídios presentes em espécies de arraias marinhas

Abstract

Ether lipids of class of 1-O-alkylglycerols are compounds recognized biological activity, found in greater abundance in cartilaginous fish. There is no knowledge of biofouling process on the skin of these animals. Biofilm formation is main step during marine biofouling, generating great damages economic to navy industrie and environmental. This study aimed to identify the alkylglycerols in the liver and skin of marine rays Dasyatis guttata and Gymnura altavela and to investigate these compounds as inhibiter of marine biofilm formation. The alkylglycerols chimyl, batyl e selachyl alcohols were identified and chacterized using ultra-high performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UHPLC-QTOF-MS). The chimyl e selachyl alcohols were the principal alkyglycerols found in the liver and skin of these marine rays. The biocide activitie of alkylglycerols was evaluated against four species marine biofilm forming bacteria (Vibrio communis, Pseudomonas fluorescens, Pseudoalteromonas elyakovii e Shewanella putrefaciens) and exhibited broad-spectrum antibacterial activity. The most atives compounds were chimyl e batyl alcohols that promoted the inhibition of the marine bacterial species assayed. The chimyl alcohol had a lower minimum inhibitory concentration at 25 μg mL-1 and was more effective than copper ions (main active component of commercial antifouling paints) againt biofilm forming bacterias, Vibrio communis and Pseudomonas fluorescens. Results showed that the chimyl alcohol is a potential compound to be used as natural additive in antifouling paints for coating ship hulls and offshore metallic structures, and can also be exploited as a natural antibiotic. Keywords: Ether lipids. Alkylglycerols. Biocide. Biofouling. Rays.