Análise da capacidade de construção naval e atividades correlatas no Norte/Nordeste do país visando definir melhor local para formação de um cluster marítimo naquela Região

Abstract

To meet the National Defense Strategy, which establishes that the area of the Brazilian coast, around the mouth of the Amazonas River, due to its strategic importance, deserves special attention; the Brazilian Navy prepared the Navy's Strategic Plan, whose scope includes, in addition to other strategic actions, the Naval Power Nucleus Construction Program with the potential to boost the progress of the national maritime industry and related segments, contributing to the formation of maritime clusters along the Brazilian coast. The analysis, under a qualitative technical approach, of the existing or envisioned capacities of shipbuilding and ship repair of the five main civil shipyards in the North and Northeast of Brazil, together with the capacity of port terminals close to the shipyards and local companies linked to the naval sector and defense, pointed out the Suape Complex, in Pernambuco, with its members: Suape Port Terminal, Atlântico Sul Shipyard and Vard Promar Shipyard, as the location that, due to the conditions analyzed and pointed out in this work, has potential for the formation of the cluster in that region. To achieve the central objective, the work, through bibliographical research and interviews, identified how shipbuilding in Brazil has evolved from 2001 to the present day and how maritime clusters are formed, in general. The formation of the Rio de Janeiro naval technology cluster in 2019 and the construction of the "Tamandaré" Class Frigates in a civil shipyard in Santa Catarina, with construction scheduled to start in April 2022, are examples of places where regional clusters are already a reality. In both, the Brazilian Navy plays a leading role in their creation. With the definition of the location pointed out to be the nucleus of the formation of the maritime cluster in the region object of this work and the models of the formation of clusters that already exist in Rio de Janeiro and Santa Catarina, they indicate which path can be followed to leverage the development of the naval and defense sector in the North and Northeast of Brazil