Transferência de óleo cru no mar entre navios: uma alternativa para reduzir os danos ambientais marítimos

Abstract

This work aims to analyze the operations of transferring crude oil between ships in the areas of the exploration basins of Espírito Santo, Campos and Santos. With the growth of national oil production, at increasingly greater depths, this type of operation has become more frequent and challenging. New transfer modalities were adopted in order to efficiently and safely supply the production in those areas. Thus the transfer operations known as “Ship to Ship” (STS) sailing and its variants arise: moored and anchored. In view of this scenario, the goal was to understand how each type of transfer is carried out, its operational conditions and the legal framework that guides the activity, and what could present itself as the best alternative in order to reduce maritime environmental risks. A qualitative and quantitative analysis of the risk was also carried out in each of the modalities, and the costs involved were calculated. The results were then compared in order to conclude which of the modalities brings greater technical and economic efficiency for the transfer of oil at sea