O uso de cateter venoso central de inserção periférica na UTI Neonatal: estudo descritivo.

Abstract

The use of the peripherally inserted central venous catheter (PICC) in the Neonatal ICU has been of great importance, due to the necessary procedures to be performed there, preventing repeated vascular punctures from being performed. However, its use is not exempt from the occurrence of complications. To describe the use of the peripherally inserted central venous catheter in the Neonatal ICU of the HNMD and to know the associated complications. Retrospective cohort of medical records of newborns (NB) submitted to PICC insertion, with gestational age (GA) less than 37 weeks and weight less than 2000g admitted to the Neonatal ICU. The following were analyzed: weight, admission diagnosis, procedure indication, catheter caliber, insertion site, catheter tip location, catheter permanence time and reason for removal. Variables were presented as mean and standard deviation and absolute frequency. The ANOVA test was used to compare the length of stay of the PICC catheter, according to the reasons for removal. For data analysis, Medicalc® v20.118 software was used. The accepted level of statistical significance was p<0.05. The 51 newborns in the study had a mean birth weight of 1,745±170g and a mean GA of 35 weeks 2/7 days. The majority were male (67.7%) and presented the need for antibiotic therapy as the main indication for the use of PICC, having used a 2Fr gauge catheter, whose main insertion site was the left basilic vein, and whose tip was located at the level of the superior vena cava, the reason for removal being the end of treatment. The main complication observed was phlebitis, in 9.8% of cases. When describing the use of the PICC in the Neonatal ICU, the need for continuous improvement in the use of the PICC was evidenced, in order to avoid complications, including phlebitis.