Dimensionamento otimizado de um sistema de armazenamento de energia para operação em microrrede com geradores diesel e redução de emissão

Abstract

This dissertation presents aspects of energy systems installed on board ships, configurations of electrical networks with energy storage, measures to reduce pollutant emissions, formulations of power management problems, and simulation of synchronous generator models and storage system in a microgrid. Approaches such as optimal dispatch, unit commitment, demand side management, and optimization techniques like linear programming (LP), mixed-integer linear programming (MILP), particle swarm optimization (PSO), and mixed-integer nonlinear programming (MINLP) for power management in microgrids are presented. Regarding implementation, two formulations for power management are made. The first, an MINLP formulation, aims to perform an energy balance of diesel generators and storage system in a microgrid, with a 24-hour power demand curve, and to obtain the energy storage capacity for achieving the best power profiles aiming at reducing fuel consumption and emissions of greenhouse gases and other pollutants. The second, a MILP formulation, is executed considering the same diesel generators and storage capacity obtained in the first, with an optimization approach for each demand value separately, aiming at real operation through successive optimizations, in order to obtain the power profile of the storage and size of the converter for use in simulation. As for the obtained data, there is a reduction of up to 6% in fuel consumption, a reduction of up to 25% in the operating time of the generators, and they operate, on average, in optimized regime during 75% of the operating period. The simulation results validate the formulations used.