Considerações sobre o financiamento ao terrorismo por meio de criptomoedas e seus impactos para a egurança e defesa nacionais

Abstract

The September 11th, 2001 attack in the United States of America led to the development of new strategies to prevent and combat terrorism, combining more invasive investigations and military efforts, highlighting Special Operations Forces. With the strengthening of international mechanisms to counter terrorism financing, cryptocurrency has emerged as an alternative for illicit activities, as there is great difficulty in identifying and tracking transactions. Cryptocurrencies are virtual assets, protected by cryptography, whose operations are performed and stored on a computer network. In Brazil, the Federal Police is responsible for fighting terrorism and its financing, and can count on the support of the Cyber Defense Command in the repression of cybercrimes. The general objective of this article is to study the reasons why cryptocurrencies can be used as a source of terrorism financing, in the context of National Security. The methodology developed was exploratory research. The conclusion points to the need for continuous and incremental integration between civil Security agencies and the Armed Forces, notably those engaged in the Intelligence activity and in the Cyber sector, both internationally and nationally. In the context of National Defense, repercussions of the theme are identified for the study of Hybrid Warfare and “Grey Zone” tactics.