Sugestões para elaboração de um arranjo de controle submarino nuclear fundamentada em análise ergonômica do trabalho: uma análise da sala de controle do Submarino "Humaitá"

Abstract

Ergonomics studies the integration of man with systems and equipment, being a necessary science for the development of environments that improve the performance, health and well- being of operators. At Three Mile Island, it was observed that human factors, together with flaws in ergonomic aspects in the design of the nuclear power plant's control room, culminated in an accident. In the development of submarines, there is the challenge of installing complex systems in restricted spaces while maintaining the functionality and performance of the equipment. For nuclear submarines, this challenge becomes even greater for the installation of the reactor, where the entire equipment apparatus of a nuclear plant on land must be compacted into a small space and for this purpose ergonomic tools are used, such as ergonomic work analysis which is a methodology that allows analyzing the activities carried out by workers and identifying possible ergonomic problems. Based on this analysis, it is possible to propose solutions to improve the workspace that will study the best way of integrating the Human-Machine Interface (HMI) and also aspects of the environment such as temperature, lighting and comfort for operators. This monograph aims to suggest improvements in the ergonomic aspect of the control room of the Submarine “Humaitá”, of the “Riachuelo” class, which the project will be used for the construction of the Conventionally Armed Submarine with Nuclear Propulsion (SCPN) “Almirante Álvaro Alberto”, as part of the Navy Nuclear Program (PNM) and the Submarine Development Program (PROSUB). The research was divided into two parts, the first was a questionnaire carried out with 24 military personnel to collect data and the second part was an ergonomic analysis of the work, which sought to raise non-ergonomic points that require improvement action, which could cause harm to the physical and mental health of operators. For ergonomics, opinion during development is essential for the correct conception of the project, being a subject that will always be in constant adaptation. Finally, the answers to the questionnaire were used to prepare the ergonomic analysis of the work, where suggestions for improvements in the ergonomic aspect to be used in the SCPN were presented.