Intervenção no campo do aleitamento materno com foco na linha do cuidado obstétrico e neonatal: um trabalho interprofissional em um hospital militar

Abstract

Breastfeeding is very important for the child, the mother, the family and society, especially because it is associated with physiological, biological, psychological, emotional, financial and and sustainability benefits. In view of this, many actions and strategies have been implemented, with the aim of promoting the protection and support of breastfeeding, including in hospital institutions, by complying with the “Ten steps to successful breastfeeding”, with an interdisciplinary, interprofessional and intersectoral team being essential, working in obstetric and neonatal line care. Purpose of the study: Integrating healthcare professionals into maternal and child care in the field of breastfeeding. General objectives: To propose an intervention in the field of breastfeeding, with a focus on the obstetric and neonatal line of care, with the development of an interprofessional guideline in a military hospital, and Specific objectives: To identify the written routines related to the 10 steps for successful breastfeeding, existing in in a military hospital; Analyze the perception of health professionals regarding the integralization in obstetric and neonatal line of care, about breastfeeding; To elaborate an interprofessional guideline, in the field of breastfeeding, with a focus on the obstetric and neonatal line of care. Methodology: This is descriptive research of quanti-qualitative approach, carried out in a large military hospital located in Rio de Janeiro, with the participation of thirtynine health professionals, being fourteen nursing technicians, eleven nurses, six physicians, three nutritionists and social workers, and two speech therapists. Data collection was carried out in two phases: the first, through a structured questionnaire, containing closed questions, with a quantitative approach; and the second phase, a semi-structured interview, containing open questions, with a qualitative approach, where twelve of the participants, two from each professional category, participated in this phase of the study. For the analysis of quantitative data, the data were entered into the Microsoft® Excel for Windows program (Microsoft Corporation) and treated descriptively, presented by absolute numbers or percentages, through tables. Followed by the analysis of qualitative data, in which the interviews were transcribed in full, being organized in the MAXQDA software version Analytics 2022 and for content analysis, the content analysis technique by Laurence Bardin was employed. Results: There was a predominance of female gender (89.7%), career military (59%), nursing technician (35.9%), with performance in the sector of joint accommodation (28.2%), with course in the area of breastfeeding (59%). The existence of written routines related “to the Ten Steps to Successful Breastfeeding” and the importance of a document that strengthens work in line of care was established. As for qualitative results, two categories emerged: Nursing as a reference in the integrality of the line of care in breastfeeding management; and The challenge of integrating breastfeeding care for the multidisciplinary team. Conclusion: the importance of institutionalized integration was noted, with the development of guidelines that promote, protect and support exclusive breastfeeding, based on interprofessional and intersectoral practices, enhancing the line of obstetric and neonatal care.