A disputa marítma entre Peru e Chile (2008-2014): a fronteira marítima decidida pela Corte Internacional de Justiça

Abstract

This research addresses the dispute over the delimitation of maritime spaces between Peru and Chile, from the submission of the case to the International Court of Justice (ICJ) in 2008 until the Court's decision in 2014. The purpose is to analyze this dispute and the ICJ's decision in light of the principles of International Maritime Law and the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS). The significance of the study lies in understanding the legal mechanisms and principles used to resolve maritime disputes, contributing to the maintenance of international legal order and regional stability. To achieve this, the research was developed based on a descriptive and analytical methodology, grounded in bibliographic and documentary sources. The theoretical foundation of the study is the evolution of International Law, culminating in the creation of UNCLOS, encompassing the principles that regulate maritime spaces and the dispute resolution mechanisms provided by UNCLOS. Thus, after identifying the arguments used by Peru and Chile and analyzing the ICJ's decision, we compared the theory with the reality of the maritime dispute between Peru and Chile. In this sense, the aim was to determine whether the ICJ based its decision on a composite criterion for the delimitation of the maritime spaces of Peru and Chile, thereby addressing the interests of both States as effectively as possible.