Malformação arteriovenosa cerebral

Abstract

Cerebral Arteriovenous Malformation (AVC) is characterized by direct communication between arteries and veins without the interposition of a network of capillaries. The AVC nidus is the vascular network that represents the lesion, composed of a low resistance zone where the high blood flow determines the increase in the caliber of the nourishing arteries and the draining veins. Autopsy data estimate the frequency of AVC in the general population to be 4.3%. AVC is usually diagnosed up to the fourth decade of life. For its proper identification it is necessary to produce images with high spatial and temporal resolution. The most described clinical manifestations areheadache, epileptic crisis or progressive neurological deficit. Untreated AVC have a bleeding risk of 2%-3% per year and it is estimated that more than 50% will bleed at some point in life. Computed Tomography with intravenous contrast shows intense serpiginous impregnation of the nidus, with opacification of the nourishing arteries and venous drainage. Cerebral CT angiography is very useful for the minimally invasive diagnostic definition of some cases and can be used routinely, requiring, however, technical care in sequentially obtaining and accurate anatomical interpretation of the findings. The aim of the study is to succinctly develop a case of MAVC in this institution. Diagnosis using imaging methods can lead to early treatment, before a rupture occurs, which is a significant source of morbidity and mortality.