Geopolítica no pós-Guerra Fria: os impactos do crescimento militar da China no equilíbrio de poder globa, no século XXI

Abstract

This dissertation analyzes the impacts of China's military growth on the global balance of power in the 21st century, based on John Mearsheimer's Offensive Realism and Kenneth Waltz's Balance of Power Theory. The study contextualizes Chinese military development within the post-Cold War international system and assesses the response of major powers, especially the United States, to these changes. The analysis includes a review of the concepts of Offensive Realism, Balance of Power, International System Polarity, Coercion, Deterrence, and various types of power (hard power, soft power, and smart power). The presented data show the significant increase in China's military budget, the modernization of its armed forces, and the development of advanced technologies such as ballistic missiles and hypersonic weapons. The dissertation concludes that China's military growth is promoting a transition from unipolarity to multipolarity, challenging American hegemony, and altering the dynamics of the global balance of power and it is compatible with the theory of Offensive Realism