A preparação dos fuzileiros navais frente as novas ameaças: Como os Grupamentos Operativos de Fuzileiros Navais têm se adaptado às novas ameaças ao longo das últimas décadas (2001-2023)

Abstract

The attacks of September 11, 2001, marked the beginning of a new geopolitical era, characterized by an increase in terrorism, technological advances, and globalization. Thus, this research analyzes the evolution of these threats and how they have redefined international security, focusing on how the Brazilian Marine Operational Groups are preparing for these changes. To achieve this purpose, a bibliographic research was conducted with a descriptive analytical approach, gathering evidence in doctrinal publications of the Brazilian Armed Forces, specialized journals, and other complementary sources. From the analysis of these sources, it was possible to observe the importance of training and qualification of the Brazilian Marines, and how the rigorous and continuous training cycle is crucial for them to be prepared for a wide range of threats, from peacekeeping operations and humanitarian missions to armed conflicts. This study includes examples of real missions, such as participation in the United Nations Peacekeeping Mission in Haiti, security operations during the FIFA World Cup 2014 and the 2016 Olympic Games, and the response to natural disasters like the landslides in Nova Friburgo in 2011. Additionally, the study explores the process of creating and updating the Brazilian Marine Corps' doctrine, which is essential to adapt to new threats, and the equipment procurement process to maintain and/or add new capabilities. Thus, it was possible to conclude that the Brazilian Marine Operational Groups, with their amphibious and expeditionary capabilities, are prepared to respond to a wide range of challenges, from traditional threats like terrorism to complex issues arising from globalization and climate change.