Desafios da governança do oceano : implementação do planejamento espacial marinho no Brasil

Abstract

Challenges of Ocean Governance: Implementation of Marine Spatial Planning in Brazil What would be the most suitable forum, in the national context, to lead the development of Brazil's Marine Spatial Planning (MSP)? This study seeks to answer this question by analyzing the governance of marine resources in Brazil, focusing on the creation and implementation of MSP as an essential tool for sustainable ocean management. The research highlights the increasing pressure on marine ecosystems due to economic activities and the urgent need to preserve biodiversity. Using a methodology based on a comparative analysis of international best practices and an evaluation of Brazil's governance structure, the study examines the dual leadership between the Ministry of the Environment and Climate Change (MMA) and the Interministerial Commission for Marine Resources (CIRM). As a result, it proposes a governance model that could more effectively lead the MSP development process. After analyzing the experiences of countries such as Belgium, Norway, Australia, and Finland, the study suggests the creation of a National MSP Forum within the scope of CIRM, coordinated by the MMA. This forum would aim to integrate a wide range of actors – state and municipal governments, civil society, the productive sector, and academia – promoting a coordinated, inclusive, and scientifically based approach to marine resource management in Brazil. The proposal seeks to overcome challenges such as the lack of inclusion of relevant stakeholders and the need for greater flexibility in adapting national guidelines to regional realities. The study concludes that the proposed forum's implementation could significantly strengthen Brazil's marine governance, promoting the sustainable use of oceans, biodiversity preservation, and positioning the country as a global reference in ocean governance