Implementação em software dos algoritmos pós-quânticos Kyber e Dilithium na plataforma ARMv8

Abstract

The rapid advancement of quantum computing poses significant challenges to classical cryptography, as emerging capabilities threaten the security foundations on which digital communications rely. This growing threat has spurred the evolution of cryptographic standards, leading to the emergence of post-quantum cryptography. In this context, the United States National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) has played a fundamental role in establishing a secure cryptographic framework for the future by specifying schemes resilient to quantum threats through an algorithm selection process. Among the selected algorithms, CRYSTALS-Kyber forms the standard as a key encapsulation mechanism, and CRYSTALS-Dilithium as a digital signature scheme. This dissertation focuses on the software implementation of these algorithms on the ARMv8 platform, a widely used architecture in contemporary computing devices. Although previous works have explored implementations of these algorithms based on documentation provided by the authors, the recent publication of the final specifications by NIST necessitates ensuring compliance with currently established security and efficiency requirements. In this regard, by exploring the potential of the ARMv8 architecture while aligning with the latest NIST guidelines, this work contributes to the field by providing an optimized implementation for a modern computing platform, establishing a reference for future research and practical applications in secure digital communications. The results obtained indicate accelerations of up to 2.82x, 2.56x, and 2.49x for key generation, encapsulation, and decapsulation in Kyber, respectively, and 2.56x, 2.67x, and 2.29x for key generation, signing, and verification in Dilithium, compared to the reference implementation provided by the respective scheme authors.