A importância geoestratégica de utilização militar das ilhas oceânicas brasileiras

Abstract

This study of qualitative approach proposes to contribute with the defense and maritime security in the South Atlantic contiguous to Brazil, based on contemporary geostrategic concepts assembled to the National Defense Strategy (NDS) and investigates, through exploratory, descriptive and bibliographic research if Brazilian military use of the oceanic islands of Fernando de Noronha and Trindade and Martim Vaz has got fundamental importance for the defense of its exclusive economic zone, the outer limits of the Blue Amazon, and its continental territory. Through this geostrategy, from the perspective of a boundary expansion of maritime limits, this military use of the oceanic islands would contribute to the achievement of the national objectives of the NDS in outlook of the threats to maritime security and the strategic vulnerabilities of Brazil in the South Atlantic. The Brazil?s diplomatic framework of action in the international system of states associated to the cooperative institutional bases of the Community of Portuguese-Speaking Countries (CPSC) and the Zone of Peace and Cooperation of the South Atlantic (ZPCSA) and the common challenges to the member states provides the regional framework for a geostrategy of military use of the Brazilian oceanic islands do not arouse distrust of expansionism and regional militarization in other neighboring countries in South Atlantic.The presentation of the two main geostrategic and territorial threats of extra-regional powers in the South Atlantic and the geostrategies of military use of the oceanic islands of India, United Kingdom, France, China and the United States of America are the example of how the oceanic islands still have geostrategic value today and a geostrategy of success instrumentalized by paramount countries in the international scenario. It has been found that the military use, at least partially, of Brazil's oceanic islands contributes to a better control of the strategic maritime areas and the defense of Brazil's Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ). An Annex has been included to present the newly created Natural Monuments and Environmental Protection Areas in the South Atlantic maritime area, on Brazilian oceanic islands. In addition, this study augurs that, in some way, it may have contributed to the Brazilian strategic direction and its projection of power in the South Atlantic