A estratégia de descarbonização da Organização Marítima Internacional (IMO): biocombustíveis nacionais como fonte alternativa de energia no transporte marítimo

Abstract

The reduction of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions is a relevant topic for the various sectors of economic activity and has been incorporated into the work of multilateral organizations, including the International Maritime Organization (IMO), responsible for regulating the maritime sector. Brazil is a central actor in the debate, among other factors, due to its recognized capacity in the development and production of biofuels. This article aims to analyze the application of brazilian biofuels as an alternative source of energy in maritime transportation. In order to achieve this, a brief history of the environmental theme is presented, inducing the IMO's Initial Decarbonization Strategy, which will require changes in maritime transport by its Member States. Next, the country's capabilities in the area of biofuels are identified, with emphasis on those with potential use in maritime transport. From the analysis of the research results, presented through a SWOT matrix, measures are proposed for the competitive insertion of national biofuels in this strategic segment of world trade. It is concluded that national biofuels are capable of contributing to the achievement of the ambitious decarbonization goals promulgated by the IMO, and it should be noted that the implementation of this process will face uncertain scenarios, both internal to Brazil and internationally.