Guardiões da Foz: Desafios à Segurança do Tráfego Aquaviário na Barra Norte do Rio Amazonas para o Século 21 e seu Impacto no Poder Marítimo

Abstract

The dissertation addresses the challenges and initiatives to ensure the safety of maritime traffic in the Barra Norte of the Amazon River. This navigable route plays a significant role in Brazil's commerce and defense. The research begins by analyzing the concept of Maritime Security and also presents the existing security infrastructure in Brazil. It was observed that this structure is centralized in the Brazilian Navy, as the Maritime Authority. The study examines environmental and economic factors. The hydrographic conditions are complex, with intense sediment movement and bathymetric variability. These factors complicate navigability, necessitating continuous monitoring. The geopolitical importance of the region cannot be overlooked. Barra Norte serves as a gateway for commodity exports, and the river mouth basin has great potential for oil and gas exploration. The research presented outlines the current situation of maritime traffic safety in Barra Norte. It discusses chart updates, tide gauge data, nautical signaling, operational draft, and vessel control. These discussions highlight the need for improvements in these areas. Additionally, three ongoing proposals to improve navigation safety in Barra Norte are discussed: increasing the maximum operational draft; implementing a dynamic draft system that adjusts the allowable draft according to real-time environmental conditions; and considering leasing the area to enhance infrastructure and traffic management. The study emphasizes the need for an integrated proposal to address logistical and environmental challenges, ensuring navigation efficiency. The methodology used combines a hybrid qualitative approach, including documentary and exploratory analysis.